ZooKeys 22: 8 | 7 | 70 (2009) A peer-rev iewed open-access journal 1] doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.219 RESEARCH ARTICLE Z,00Ke y www.pens oftonline.n et/zoo keys Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from New Brunswick, Canada: new species, provincial records and bionomic information Jan Klimaszewski'', Reginald P. Webster’*, Karine Savard'’ | Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 du PE.PS., RO. Box 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Quebec, Canada GIV 4C7 2 24 Mill Stream Drive, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada E3C 1X1 t urn:lsid:zoobank. org:author:75880C 14-43 0B-45F6-8 B6 D-840428F3FF37 £ urn:lsid:zoobank. org:author: DEDA5F 1A-86C7-4107-8620-892181238224 § urn:lsid:zoobank. org:author:7 16D03A0-DF55-4A60-AA54-DF4COF4A8E7E Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski (jan.klimaszewski@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca) Academic editor: Christopher Majka | Received 08 August 2009 | Accepted 15 September 2009 | Published 28 September 2009 urn:lsid:zoobank. org:pub:7BA263D5-0C39-4EAD-AD/7F-77F12D76776D Citation: Klimaszewski J, Webster RP, Savard K (2009) Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophae- nina Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from New Brunswick, Canada: new species, provincial records and bionomic information. In: Majka CG, Klimaszewski J (Eds) Biodiversity, Biosystematics, and Ecology of Canadian Coleoptera II. ZooKeys 22: 81-170. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.219 Abstract A comprehensive species review of the genera Gyrophaena Mannerheim and Eumicrota Casey is presented for New Brunswick, Canada. Twenty-four species of Gyrophaena are reported from New Brunswick including two new species, and two species of Eumicrota. Nineteen previously described species are newly recorded in New Brunswick, eight of which are newly reported in Canada. New species are: Gyrophaena meduxnekeagensis Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n., and G. pseudocriddlei Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. New Canadian records are: G. chippewa Seevers, G. corruscula Erichson, G. dybasi Seevers, G. fuscicollis Casey, G. illiana Seevers, G. involuta Casey, G. laetula Casey, and G. lobata Casey. New records for New Brunswick: G. fuscicollis Casey, G. caseyi Seevers, G. chippewa Seevers, E. corruscula Erichson, G. criddlei Casey, G. dybasi Seevers, G. flavicornis Melsheimer, G. gaudens Casey, G. gilvicollis Casey, G. gracilis Seevers, G. illiana Seevers, G. involuta Casey, G. laetula Casey, G. lobata Casey, G. sculptipennis Casey, E. socia (Erichson), G. subnitens Casey, G. uteana Casey, and G. vitrina Casey. All species are documented by colour habitus images, black/white images of genital structures, and distributional maps. All female genital structures are presented and illustrated here for the first time. A key to the New Brunswick species is provided. Copyright Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribu- tion License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 82 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Keywords Canada, New Brunswick, new species, rove beetles, Gyrophaena, taxonomy, bionomics, distribution Introduction Ashe (2001) recorded 62 valid species of Gyrophaena from America north of Mexico. The genus is very poorly known in Canada and the only key to identification of species was provided by Seevers (1951) in his North American revision published over half a century ago. This outstanding contribution requires updating, particularly at the specific level, for the Canadian fauna. Moore and Legner (1975) recorded 13 species from Canada and none from New Brunswick. Campbell and Davies (1991) listed 20 species of Gyrophaena and one of Eumicrota for Canada, and 5 species of the former genus for the province of New Brunswick. Ashe (1984) published a thorough generic revision of the subtribe Gyrophaenina with a review of described subgenera but it lacked species level treatment. Here we present the first comprehensive species review of the genera Gyrophaena and Eu- microta from New Brunswick, Canada. We report 26 species including two new species, 8 new national and 19 new provincial records. There are now 29 species of Gyrophaena and two species of Eumicrota known to occur in Canada, considering new data provided in this contribution, and records provided by Campbell and Davies (1991) and Dollin et al. (2008). Intensive collecting of aleocharine rove beetles in New Brunswick since 2004 by the second author (RPW) has yielded many new species, and new provincial and national records. These records will be published in a series of papers. ‘The goal of the present contribution is to describe two new species, publish new collection and bionomic data on Gyrophaena, and to provide a revised key for the identification of species. Method and conventions Collection method. Various kinds of mushrooms and forest litter were sifted using the method described by Smetana (1971) and other methods described below. Specimens of Gyrophaena are easily collected from various kinds of mushrooms by breaking the mushrooms into pieces in a plastic box and then collecting the beetles as they move. This was the primary method employed for collecting most of the specimens reported in this study. Specimen preparation. More than 300 adult specimens of Gyrophaena were ex- amined and most specimens were dissected. The genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol and mounted in Canada balsam on celluloid microslides and pinned with the specimens from which they originated. The photographs were taken using an image processing system (Nikon SMZ 1500 stereoscopic microscope; Nikon Digital Camera DXM 1200F; and Adobe Photoshop software). Terminology mainly follows that used by Seevers (1951) and Ashe (1984). The ventral part of the median lobe of the aedeagus is considered to be the part of the bul- Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 83 bus containing the foramen mediale, the entrance of the ductus ejaculatorius, and the adjacent venter of the tubus; the opposite side is referred to as the dorsal part. Distribution. Distribution maps, created using ArcMap and ArcGIS, are present- ed for each species recorded in New Brunswick. Distribution of each species in Canada and Alaska is noted. New provincial records are indicated in bold. The following col- lection abbreviations are employed in the text: AFC Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada CBU Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada CGMC Christopher G. Majka collection, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada JOC Jeffrey Ogden collection, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada LFC Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec, Quebec, Canada NSMC_ Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada RWC Reginald Webster collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada Results Twenty-six species of Gyrophaena are now known to occur in New Brunswick (see the checklist) bringing the total number of all aleocharine species known from the province to 175 (Klimaszewski et al. 2009; Webster et al. 2009). Two of these species, Gyrophaena meduxnekeagensis Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n., and G. pseudocriddlei Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n., are described as new to science, 19 species are newly recorded for New Brunswick, and 8 are newly recorded for Canada. One species, G. meduxnekeagensis, is added to the Quebec staphylinid fauna. Collection and bionomic data for all species are presented in the bionomics section of each species account and in Appendix 1. Species Review Aleocharinae Tribe Homalotini Heer, 1839 Subtribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz, 1856 Genus Gyrophaena Mannerheim, 1830 Figs 1-205 Gyrophaena Mannerheim, 1830; Casey 1906; Fenyes 1918; Seevers 1951, 1978; Moore and Legner 1975, Ashe 1984, 2001. Type species: Staphylinus nanus Paykull (=G. nana). 84 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Description. Body small, length 1.2-3.5 mm, broadly oval and dorso-ventrally flattened (Figs 1-30); coloration flavate, brown, piceous, or black, usually bicoloured but sometimes uniformly coloured; integument of forebody with approximately uni- formly distributed microsetae and enlarged macrosetae in large insertion pores, often elevated (asperities), forming distinct patterns on pronotum and head; isodiametric meshed microsculpture usually present; head with well-developed temporal region; in- fraorbital carinae present; eyes large and often prominent, finely faceted and broadly separated; labrum broadly oval or trapezoidal with sensory setae forming patterns (Ashe 1984); mandibles robust, the right mandible bearing one, usually well-developed inter- nal tooth, and a well-developed internal membranous lobe (the prostheca), which bears rows of small dents or teeth (Ashe 1984); maxilla: lacinia obliquely truncate and with numerous closely spaced teeth (spore brush), and rows of setae on the outer lobe, galea provide a cup-like cap over the apex of the lacinial comb, which probably helps retain food scraps from mushrooms (Ashe 1984); ligula short, entire, produced and broadly rounded at apex; antennae with 4" article small, 5" slightly broader than 6", 4-10 usu- ally incrassate (Figs 1-30); pronotum usually transverse with hypomera visible from the side; mesocoxae broadly separated (Fig. 2); elytra usually broad-shouldered (Figs 1-30); abdomen tapering apically; mesosternal process truncate apically and at least as long as metasternal one; spermatheca sclerotized, with a lateral plate-like flange on the short stem, capsule spherical (Figs 36, 43, 50, 61, 68, 75, 82, 93, 104, 115, 122, 129, 136, 149, 156, 163, 170, 177, 189, 196, 203); median lobe of aedeagus variably shaped, often tubular or trough-shaped and with either ventral projections of various shapes and sizes forming a complex structure (Figs 89, 96, 100, 107, 111, 118, 125, 132, 139), or without the aforementioned (Figs 32, 39, 46, 53, 57, 64, 71, 78, 85, 139, 145, 152, 159, 166, 173, 180, 184, 192, 199); apical portion of internal sac rigid and forming elongate projection from where flagellum is normally exerted, the internal sac unlike most other aleocharine genera, lacks internal and external spines and sclerites; paramere with broad apical lobe bearing four setae, usually two longer and two shorter ones (Figs 33, 40, 47, 54, 58, 65, 79, 86, 90, 97, 101, 108, 112, 119, 126, 133, 140, 146, 153, 160, 167, 174, 181, 186, 193, 200); male tergite 8 usually with two rela- tively large lateral teeth and smaller apical teeth in median part of apical margin (Figs 34, 41, 48, 55, 59, 66, 80, 87, 102, 109, 113, 120, 127, 134, 141, 147, 154, 161, 168, 175, 182, 187), rarely larger lateral teeth are reduced and smaller median teeth are lack- ing (Figs 73, 194), or lateral teeth are transformed into large lateral lobes (Figs 91, 98, 102, 109, 120, 127); species strictly associated with mushrooms. ‘The species groups in Gyrophaena are mainly defined based on similarities of the median lobe of the aedeagus. Bionomics. Adults of Gyrophaena are obligatory inhabitants of fresh mushrooms where they feed, mate, and lay eggs on fruiting bodies, and their larvae must mature before the fruiting body decays (Ashe 1984). Gyrophaena species occur on fleshy and woody polypores, boletes, and fleshy gilled mushrooms, and are very abundant on the latter (Ashe 1984, 2001). We have observed adult Gyrophaena in rotting (early stages of decay) and dried mushrooms but in much smaller numbers than in fresh mushrooms. Mushroom habitats have several unique attributes: they are ephemeral, unpredictable Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 85 Imm Figures |-3. Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) gracilis Seevers: | dorsal view 2 ventral view and 3 lateral view. in time and space, and extremely heterogeneous in physical and chemical characteris- tics (Ashe 1984). Adults of gyrophaenes have developed adaptations to find and live on desirable mushrooms. ‘The principal structural adaptations of the adults are modi- 86 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) fications of their mouthparts. The beetles feed by “grazing” maturing spores, basidia, cystidea, and hyphae from the hymenium layer of fresh mushrooms and their maxillae are highly modified for this purpose (Ashe 1984). The galeal setae form a cap over the apex of the lacinial spore brush for efficient collecting of material removed from the hy- menium. Other adaptations of the gyrophaenes to their ephemeral and unpredictable habitat and food source are a short life cycle and efficiency in locating and colonizing their mushroom hosts (for details, see Ashe 1984). Adults may also be found in moist forest litter and under logs, which may be an adaptation for survival when few suitable mushroom habitats are available (Ashe 1984). Some adults were collected by one of us (RPW) quite early in the season, which would suggest that some species probably overwinter in litter as adults. Geographic distribution. Sixty-two valid species of Gyrophaena and seven spe- cies of Eumicrota are known from America north of Mexico (Ashe 2001); 31 species, including present records, are known to occur in Canada. Phylogenetic afhliation. Gyrophaena and allied genera are considered to comprise a subtribe of Gyrophaenina, which is a sister taxon of subtribe Bolitocharina (Ashe 1984). Ashe (1984) recognized three major evolutionary lineages of Gyrophaenina: the “Brachida” lineage, the “Sternotropa” lineage, and the “Gyrophaena” lineage. The “Gy- rophaena lineage includes Gyrophaena, Phanerota and Eumicrota. The “Sternotropa” lineage includes Agaricochara, Brachychara, Agaricomorpha, Adelarthra, Pseudoligota and Sternotropa. The “Brachida” lineage includes Brachida and Probrachida. The “Gy- rophaena lineage is considered to be a sister group of the “Sternotropa” lineage. For details, see Ashe (1984). Checklist of Gyrophaena Mannerheim species occurring in Canada with the United States records Conventions. Junior synonyms are indented. The United States records, particularly from the states bordering Canada, are also included. Countries and provinces in bold font represent new records. Species follow the taxonomic order established by Seevers (1951). * Holarctic species; + adventive species introduced into North America. Checklist of Gyrophaenina Kraatz occurring in Canada Genus Gyrophaena Mannerheim, 1830: 74 Type species: Staphylinus nanus Paykull, 1800. I. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) nana species group 1. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) nana (Paykull, 1800: 408)* (CANADA: Alber- ta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, and Yukon Territory; UNITED Il. Il. VII. Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 87 10. STATES: Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Wisconsin, and Wyoming). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) neonana Seevers, 1951: 679 (CANADA: Yukon Ter- ritory; UNITED STATES: Indiana, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wis- consin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) keeni species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) keeni Casey, 1911: 185 (CANADA: Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec, and Yukon Territory; UNITED STATES: Florida, Maine, Massachusetts, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Tennessee, Washington and Wyoming). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) nanoides Seevers, 1951: 684 (CANADA: Ontario and Quebec; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Indiana, Iowa, Vir- ginia, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) caseyi Seevers, 1951: 684 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Michigan, New York, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) laetula species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) laetula Casey, 1906: 300 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena fustifer Casey, 1906: 300. Gyrophaena centralis Casey, 1906: 301. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) illiana species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) illiana Seevers, 1951: 688 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) sculptipennis species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) sculptipennis Casey, 1906: 298 (CANADA: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: New Hampshire, New York, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) fasciata species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) involuta Casey, 1906: 294 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: Maine, Massachusetts, New York, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) egena species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) egena Casey, 1906: 303 (CANADA: Ontario and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Massachusetts, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) exilis Casey, 1906: 304. VII. Le 13° 14. 15: 16. Ms, 18. lige 20) Zz. Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) lobata species group . Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) lobata Casey, 1906: 294 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, New York, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) affinis species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) affinis Sahlberg, 1834: 383 (CANADA: British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, IIlinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Washing- ton, West Virginia, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena subpunctata Casey, 1906: 299. Gyrophaena lacustris Casey, 1906: 299. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) dybasi Seevers, 1951: 697 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, North Carolina, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) pulchella species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) antennalis Casey, 1906: 295 (CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Massachusetts, New York, and North Caro- lina). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) chippewa Seevers, 1951: 705 (CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Michigan, North Carolina, and Wiscon- sin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) insolens Casey, 1906: 295 (CANADA: British Col- umbia, New Brunswick, and Ontario; UNITED STATES: Michigan). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) criddlei Casey, 1911: 184 (CANADA: Manitoba and New Brunswick). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) pseudocriddlei Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. (CANADA: New Brunswick). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) gilvicollis Casey, 1906, 296 (CANADA: Ontario [uncertain record by Campbell and Davies 1991] and New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Indiana, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) modesta Casey, 1906: 296 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and New York). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) fuscicollis species group Gyropheana (Gyrophaena) fuscicollis Casey, 1906: 296; Seevers 1951: 712 (CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, II- linois, New York, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin). Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 89 XI. Dd, XII. 2D. 24. 2D: 26. 28. 2), XV. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) vitrina species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) vitrina Casey, 1906: 291 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick, Ontario, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, West Virginia, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena attonsa Casey, 1911: 184. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) bihamata species group Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) uteana Casey, 1906: 292 (CANADA: British Col- umbia, New Brunswick, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: California, Colo- rado, and Utah). Gyrophaena pacifica Casey, 1906: 293. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) gaudens Casey, 1906: 292 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick, Ontario, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, Massachu- setts, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) flavicornis Melsheimer, 1844: 31 (CANADA: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin, and West Virginia). Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) strictula species group Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) gracilis Seevers, 1951: 727 (CANADA: New Bruns- wick; UNITED STATES: Wisconsin). . Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) subnitens Casey, 1906: 302 (CANADA: Manitoba, New Brunswick, and Ontario; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, and Wisconsin). Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) meduxnekeagensis Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. (CANADA: New Brunswick, Quebec). Gyrophaena (Phaenogyra) californica (Casey, 1906: 353) (CANADA: British Columbia; UNITED STATES: California and Colorado). Genus Eumicrota Casey, 1906: 28 Type species: Gyrophaena corruscula Erichson, 1840. 30. BI]. Eumicrota corruscula (Erichson, 1840: 189) (CANADA: New Brunswick and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Alabama, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Caro- lina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin). Eumicrota socia (Erichson, 1840: 189) (CANADA: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: Arkansas, District of Columbia, 90 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virgin- ia, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia, and Wisconsin). Eumicrota humeralis, Casey 1906: 282. Eumicrota texanella, Casey 1906: 282. Eumicrota melania, Casey 1906: 283. Eumicrota pallidula, Casey 1906: 283. Eumicrota insolita, Notman 1920: 719. Key to New Brunswick species of Gyrophaenina (Note: male genitalia offer excellent and ultimate diagnostic characteristics for most species identification) ih} PLAGE 3(2). 4(2). Body usually bicoloured, flavate to brown, often with strongly contrasting areas (Figs 4-24); pronotum at most two-thirds wider than long; antennae moderately broadening apically, 5" article not conspicuously broader than 4", mesosternal process longer than metasternal process, its apex not mar- gined: (subgenius Gyro phiaena) :vcccie ec ticssteccncencasticescudvienaasndabcseaetserevenedsucenes 6 Body approximately uniformly dark brown (Figs 25-30); pronotum from slightly transverse (Figs 1, 27, 28) to approximately twice as wide as long (Figs 25, 26, 29, 30); antennae incrassate and often forming loose club, 5" article conspicuously broader than 4"; mesosternal process longer than metasternal process or approximately of the same length, its apex margined ................. 2 Postocular area of head short, sides strongly converging posteriorly (Figs 29, 30); pronotum approximately twice as wide as long; mesosternal and metaster- nal processes of approximately the same length (genus Eumicrota) .............. 3 Postocular area of head moderately to strongly elongate, sides subparallel or moderately converging posteriorly (Figs 1, 25-28); pronotum less than twice as wide as long (Figs 1, 25-28); mesosternal process longer than metasternal process (Fig. 2) (subgenus Phaenogyrd).......cccccscccccesceseesseseessescnsesseeeeees 4 Pronotum moderately transverse, broadest in its basal fourth, sides strongly con- verging apically (Fig. 29); male tergite 8 truncate apically and with small median lobe of variable size (Fig. 194); female tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 197); median lobe of aedeagus as illustrated (Fig. 192) ....... E. corruscula (Erichson) Pronotum strongly transverse, broadest at the middle, sides moderately con- verging apically (Fig. 30); male and female tergite 8 emarginate apically and with two large lobes (Figs 201, 204); median lobe of aedeagus as illustrated Ciecer sts) ee ecate ame tatters tacue Sitemeter. Sear tear set ae E. socia (Erichson) Postocular area of head strongly elongate and subparallel (Figs 1, 3, 28); pro- notum narrow and slightly transverse (Fig. 1); abdomen broad, its maximum width greater than that of elytra (Fig. 1); genital structures as illustrated (Figs Uo ell 05411) Be Oe er OL Ae eA G. (P.) gracilis Seevers Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... vl 5(4). Postocular area of head moderately elongate and narrowed posteriorly (Figs 25, 26); pronotum broad and strongly transverse (Figs 25, 26); abdomen moderately broad, its maximum width approximately that of NIELS, eee) ates sen eae He dale Na RMN ott OED Saat BOLSTER elt ta eae 5 Antennae light yellow, rarely darkening apically; elytra transverse, at suture as long as pronotum (Fig. 25); male tergite 8 usually with two teeth be- tween two larger lateral teeth or median teeth lacking (Fig. 168); tubus of median lobe of aedeagus evenly arcuate in lateral view, without basal swell- DCE tell 6G sassnctypncratenr seancte gee eepountaannscicnenetaaamend G. (P.) subnitens Casey Antennae yellow-brown to brown, distinctly darkening apically and some- times blackening; elytra elongate, at suture longer than pronotum (Fig. 26); male tergite 8 with 2—3 small teeth between two larger lateral teeth (Fig. 175); tubus of median lobe of aedeagus unevenly arcuate in lateral view and WWitli Dasalssyy eli en R10 1815) i sahedtensudeiod sate edneampeds dtm batadtdalaodesedscuacearee ET EO AE G. (P.) meduxnekeagensis Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. Head and pronotum usually yellow to light yellow-brown (Figs 13, 14)..... 7 Head dark brown to black, pronotum yellow-brown to dark brown (Figs Nes ae Ds RAE ER EO EATON, oe AE UO, SL te PA 8 Pronotum approximately quadrate (Fig. 13); genital structures as illustrated Cie siS 9) eee ere ee eee een, sere G. (G.) antennaelis Casey Pronotum distinctly transverse (Fig. 14); genital structures as illustrated (Figs OE croc tacscoden eciecneeareeen ee sostesanteecoane conessteesvmnsmaseut G. (G.) chippewa Seevers Pronotum uniformly coloured, yellow to dark brown (Figs 1-9, 11-20, 22- DRT Es DAs ne Late Re Dame LON ine fe cB lm Ls NG ae | Me 28 Ane ee 9 Pronotum bicoloured, median part of the disc dark brown and sides light yellowish -browar- (Pigs WOss21)) ceed dctet te ice cdeesactaeadvec tas deteasdadntibachtsStas 25 Pronotum uniformly dark brown to nearly black, usually strongly transverse UGG. ae PU DOANE We cee le owns ti vncbnan vase Baden ty ausitdddenes disierdiness heen (denne te 10 Pronotum uniformly yellow to light brown, slightly to strongly transverse Sires ea Che se [el e208 sia Km Fy DPR BP roe 15 Antennae entirely light yellow (Figs 20, 24); elytra yellowish with irregular dark patches (Figs 20, 24), genital structures as illustrated (Figs 132-138, Pi OSI Sater, ete et Ree aN alae nek ee Ms OEE. yl Rate ee 11 Antennae light to dark brown, always darkening apically (Figs 4, 7, 22, 23); elytra dark brown to black with light brown patches (Figs 4, 7, 22, 23), geni- tal structures as illustrated (Figs 32-38, 53-56, 145-158) woes 12 . Body broadly subparallel, abdomen broad and subparallel (Fig. 24), genital structures as illustrated (Figs 159-165) .... G. (G.) flavicornis Melsheimer Body narrowly oval, abdomen narrow and tapering posteriorly (Fig. 20), penttal-structurés as allustrated (Bigs NSO 2 138). calesanstaceriaseonrrsnsanntenennials Fe a Set a tod bic tas Mach Hasce ocatpanicacthec se ckatite tates G. (G.) fuscicollis Casey . Body distinctly bicoloured, humeri of elytra and often basal part of abdomen palem-inoderately lossy. (Pigs 4.22; 2a ross .dh les cosationcomideeesaedeersecedlean 13 92 IBZ). 14(13). 15(8). 16(15). 17016). 18(16). 19(18). 20(15). 21(20). Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Body approximately uniformly dark brown, strongly glossy, broad, pronotum strongly transverse (Fig. 7); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 53—56)........ Wy sspirthxscra ened pein eset AAR car bh $e Richt en cP ARON G. (G.) illiana Seevers Pronotum light reddish-brown, elytra light yellowish-brown with dark brown or black posterior angles, base of abdomen yellowish to light-brown, apical part dark brown (Fig. 4); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 31-38) ......... Beh pe neye ke tds pos! Win lade poo ondl sete three, di eee G. (G.) keeni Casey Pronotum dark brown, elytra dark brown with small, irregularly distributed, paler patches, base of abdomen light yellowish-brown (Figs 22, 23); genital structures:as illustrated: Figs: 145—158):.secscccsecaiactssaeeecsaeasvedasecucssendedeceeds 14 Antennae uniformly light yellow (Fig. 22); genital structures as illustrated CE PIES NAD ach ocsacnte- heeds itoartlannsinds antbinodstamtinameedpesinds G. (G.) uteana Casey Antennae infuscated (Fig. 23), genital structures as illustrated (Figs 152- |B .0 8) aR Boe nd pe Jel sore ce REO te os oeRls Oy ate ois TOE ie G. (G.) gaudens Casey Pronotum slightly transverse, almost quadrate (Figs 15-19)... eee 16 Pronotum:strongly transverse: (Figs:5, 6,-8.5 9-12) oc cseccseaseectn Decesvncenocvete 20 Antennalarticles: 6—10 dark brown (Pigs S01): csssv.scsccespnserecobeneseusenaaeh 17 Antennal articles 6-10 light yellow (Figs 16, 18-20)... eee eeseseeseereeeee 18 Body length 2.3—2.8 mm, elytra at suture longer than pronotum (Fig. 15); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 100-—106).......... G. (G.) insolens Casey Body length 1.3—1.5 mm; elytra at suture at most as long as pronotum (Fig. 17 )seenital structures-as illustrated Bigs =I1 TEV 7) ..t ence ects savenesaneedronteoneaee booeesning auanebia Due M2? G. (G.) pseudocriddlei Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. Elytra black, mottled with irregularly shaped light brown spots, particu- larly in humeral areas (Figs 16, 18); head uniformly dark brown to black, abdomen yellowish with darker, brownish, posterior portion (Figs 16, Elytra uniformly yellow light-brown, some inconspicuous light brown spots may be present; head dark brown to black with paler base, abdomen uni- formly light yellow brown (Fig. 19); genital structures as illustrated (Figs eS Sa pov cesoaui tit anlar vatirtandhoantismtecaet ediamrecnath G. (G.) modesta Casey Abdomen reddish-brown (Fig. 18); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 118— LAS hl A th = Balen Fal aN tog ern ani ies 2EOS ote tae G. (G.) gilvicollis Casey Abdomen yellow (Fig. 16); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 107—110)...... Ten «Pra it PRR ane ETT CODEN SOULS CE ANE REPT SSRIS, EDS G. (G.) criddlei Casey Body length 1.5—1.7 mm; antennae uniformly light yellow (Fig. 12): genital structures as illustrated (Figs 85-88) oo... ee eeeeeeeseees G. (G.) dybasi Seevers Body length 1.5—2.3 mm, antennae with basal 4 articles light yellow and remaining articles light to dark brown (Figs 5, 6, 9, 11). eeeeseeeeseeeeees 21 Body narrow, base of abdomen distinctly narrower than elytra (Fig. 11): geni- tal structures as illustrated (Figs 78-84) ....... ee G. (G.) affinis Sahlberg Body usually broad, base of abdomen about as broad as elytra (Figs 5, 6, OGD ora tyre ated genet iite iris Tenet ane rrmeh pecans eaters iitanes ada ter 22 Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 93 22(21). Body strongly glossy with bright metallic sheen, abdomen uniformly yellow, sometimes with slightly darker posterior portion (Fig. 5); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 3945 )i sccccncecsecenevercentverconterecvatoseeners G. (G.) caseyi Seevers - Body moderately glossy, abdomen uniformly reddish-brown or with pale base-and darker posterior PortiOiQhies- 65°85 9) i. .54.ceuvsancccessaneobooncnervaaeass 23 23(22). Body short and stout, antennae short, not reaching posterior part of elytra (Fig. 6), posterior portion of abdomen dark brown; genital structures as il- TeestrartedC Pies ACH 92 ye Ft avira deleted vilenceakednasacoonndactinansss G. (G.) laetula Casey - Body elongate, antennae long, reaching posterior part of elytra (Figs 8, 9), entire abdomen uniformly reddish-brown; genital structures as illustrated MES eT een Bascrese. tc A ce Blom esate Sent Med nl nae 24 24(23). Elytra aspirate (Fig. 8); abdomen tapering posteriorly; genital structures as illustrated (Figs 57-63)... ceseesesseseeseeseeeeeees G. (G.) sculptipennis Casey - Elytra not aspirate (Fig. 9); abdomen subparallel; genital structures as illus- trated( Figs 64270 a stececcctpevbelichsnelinaae edie somterb ets Leas G. (G.) involuta Casey 25(8). Body strongly glossy, elytra bicoloured with scutellar area and posterolateral angles black (Fig. 10); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 71-77) ...........4.. Nees nidcahaiaae hunsinen EAA Ee EM ste os 2 ay RR Reb ems a G. (G.) lobata Casey - Body moderately glossy, elytra approximately uniformly dark brown (Fig. 21); genital structures as illustrated (Figs 139-144)....G. (G.) vitrina Casey Subgenus Gyrophaena Mannerheim, 1830: 74 Type species: Staphylinus nanus Paykull, 1800. [order of taxa following that in the checklist] Description. Body flavate to brown, usually not uniformly coloured; mesosternal process longer than metasternal process, its apex not margined; pronotum at most two-thirds wider than long; antennal 5" article not conspicuously broader than 4°, articles 4-10 usually incrassate (Seevers 1951). II. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) keeni species group (Seevers, 1951: 680) 3. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) keeni Casey Figs 4, 31-38; Map 1 Gyrophaena keeni Casey, 1911: 185; Seevers 1951: 681; Moore and Legner 1975: 430; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 1.6—1.9 mm, approximately broadly subparallel; head ru- fo-piceous to piceous; pronotum reddish-brown or medium dark brown; elytra light reddish-brown or light brown with dark brown posterior angles; abdomen reddish- 94 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) 4.G. keeni 5. G. caseyi 6. G. laetula Imm 7. G. illiana 8. G. sculptipennis 9. G. involuta Figures 4-9. Gyrophaena species in dorsal view (apical part of abdomen removed): 4 G. (G.) keeni Casey 5 G. (G.) caseyi Seevers 6 G. (G.) laetula Casey 7 G. (G.) illiana Seevers 8 G. (G.) sculptipennis Casey and 9 G. (G) involuta Casey. Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... i) brown or light brown with piceous posterior portion. Punctation: vertex of head with at least six small punctures on each side; pronotum with median rows of usually three punctures and a small cluster medially near base of disc; elytra sparsely and irregularly punctate. Microsculpture: finely meshed and strong on head and pronotum. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 4). Pronotum 1.4 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two long lateral teeth and two shorter median teeth (Fig. 34); sternite 8 broadly arcuate apically (Fig. 35). Median lobe of aedeagus with narrowly triangular tubus sinuate laterally (Figs 31, 32), dorsal projection of internal sac tubular and short, flagellum everted and coiled (Fig. 32), compressor plate elevated (Fig. 32). Paramere as illustrat- ed (Fig. 33). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 37); sternite 8 apically pointed (Fig. 38); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 36). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: Mature mixed forest, 8.5-year-old regenerating mixed forest, eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) swamps and red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) forest (80-120 years old). This species has been found in a conifer forest and an eastern hemlock forest [Tsuga ca- nadensis (L.)] (120+ years old). Microhabitat: Gilled fungi on rotten log, in gilled mushrooms, in gilled mushrooms on stump, in moss near brook, on polypore fungi on dead standing Populus sp. Collecting period: June, July, August, and September. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating and hand picking specimens. Distribution (Map 1). CANADA: Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon Territory; UNITED STATES: Florida, Maine, Massachu- setts, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Tennessee, Washington and Wyoming. Map I. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena keeni 96 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) 5. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) caseyi Seevers Figs 5, 39-45; Map 2 Gyrophaena caseyi Seevers, 1951: 684; Moore and Legner 1975: 428; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 1.6—2.0 mm, approximately broadly subparallel; head ru- fous, rufo-piceous to (rarely) black; pronotum rufo-flavate, sometimes darker basally; elytra flavate or flavo-testaceous, mottled with darker brown posterocentral section of disc; abdomen flavo-testaceous with slightly darker apex. Punctation: vertex of head with at least six umbilicate punctures on each side; pronotum moderately dense- ly punctured; elytra finely, irregularly punctate. Microsculpture: finely meshed and strong on head and elytra, obsolete on pronotum. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 5). Pro- notum 1.4 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two large rounded lateral teeth and two smaller median teeth (Fig. 41); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 42). Median lobe of aedeagus with approximately triangular tubus bearing median swell- ing and small and narrow apical projection directed dorsally in lateral view (Fig. 39), dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate and twisted (Fig. 39). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 40). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 44); sternite 8 slightly pointed medially (Fig. 45); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 43). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest, mixed forest with hemlock, hardwood forest, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) and spruce forest, red spruce forest, Map 2. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena caseyi Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... oe mature red maple and red spruce forest. Microhabitat: on gilled mushrooms, on small gilled mushrooms on side of rotten logs, on Pleurotus sp. growing on side of logs. Collecting period: August and September. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating, and hand collecting specimens. Distribution (Map 2). CANADA: New Brunswick, Quebec; UNITED STATES: Michigan, New York, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania. III. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) laetula species group (Seevers, 1951: 685) 6. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) laetula Casey Figs 6, 46-52; Map 3 Gyrophaena laetula Casey, 1906: 300; Seevers 1951: 685; Moore and Legner 1975: 430. Gyrophaena fustifer Casey, 1906: 300. Synonymized by Seevers 1951: 685. Gyrophaena centralis Casey, 1906: 301. Synonymized by Seevers 1951: 685. Description. Body length 1.5—1.7 mm, stout and compact; head rufo-piceous; pronotum rufo-testaceous; elytra light brown; abdomen rufo-testaceous to reddish- brown with dark brown apical portion. Punctation: vertex of head with at least 10 large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum irregularly punctate, median rows with punctures confused by scattered punctures; elytra finely and sparsely Map 3. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena laetula 98 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) punctate. Microsculpture: finely meshed and throughout. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 6). Pronotum 1.7 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two large rounded teeth and 2—4 smaller median teeth (Fig. 48); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 49). Median lobe of aedeagus with moderately broadly elongate tubus with apical part produced ventrally and bearing small, narrow apical projection di- rected anteriad in lateral view (Fig. 46), dorsal projection of internal sac irregularly elongate in shape (Fig. 46). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 47). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 51); sternite 8 pointed apically (Fig. 52); spermatheca as il- lustrated (Fig. 50). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: Mixed forests, mature mixed forests, regenerating mixed forest, red spruce and yellow birch forest, mature red spruce and red maple for- est, forested black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) bog with red maple. Microhabi- tat: on/in gilled mushrooms, on Pleurotus sp. on dead standing Populus tremuloides Michx. Collecting period: June, July, August, and September. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirating specimens. Distribution (Map 3). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and Wisconsin. IV. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) illiana species group (Seevers, 1951: 688) 7. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) illiana Seevers Figs 7, 53-56; Map 4 Gyrophaena illiana Seevers, 1951: 688; Moore and Legner 1975: 430. Description. Body length 1.7—1.8 mm, stout and compact; head piceous; pronotum rufo-piceous to piceous; elytra uniformly brown or light brown with piceous posterior angles; abdomen rufo-testaceous to dark brown. Punctation: vertex of head with some eight small punctures on each side, pronotum with one conspicuous puncture in me- dian row on each side and with a few scattered punctures elsewhere, elytra finely and sparsely punctate. Microsculpture: finely meshed throughout. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 7). Pronotum 1.6 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two large and rounded teeth and some small median tuberosities (Fig. 55); sternite 8 pointed apically (Fig. 56). Median lobe of aedeagus with narrowly elongate and tapering tubus and ven- trally projecting apex, apical projection small and narrow, directed anteriad in lateral view (Fig. 53), dorsal projection of internal sac narrow and sinuate (Fig. 53). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 54). FEMALE. Unknown. Bionomics. Macrohabitat: red maple and red oak (Quercus rubra L.) forest. Mi- crohabitat: on a polypore fungus growing on a log. Collecting period: August. Col- lecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirating specimens. Distribution (Map 4). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 99 Map 4. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena illiana V. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) sculptipennis species group (Seevers, 1951: 689) 8. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) sculptipennis Casey Figs 8, 57-63; Map 5 Gyrophaena sculptipennis Casey, 1906: 298; Seevers 1951: 689; Moore and Legner 1975: 431; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 1.9—2.2 mm, narrowly oval; head rufo-piceous to piceous; pronotum flavate; elytra flavate to dark brown; abdomen reddish-brown. Punctation: vertex of head with at least eight large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with conspicuous puncture in median row on each side and with a few scattered punc- tures elsewhere, elytra moderately densely punctate. Microsculpture: weakly reticulate on head only. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 8). Pronotum 1.4 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two large rounded teeth and 2—5 smaller rounded median teeth (Fig. 59); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 60). Median lobe of aedeagus with moderately narrow tubus and acute apex projecting ventrally, apical projection small and narrow, directed anteriad in lateral view (Fig. 57), dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate and sinuate (Fig. 57). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 58). FEMALE. Tergite 8 shallowly emarginate posteriorly and with two lateral teeth (Fig. 62); sternite 8 broadly rounded posteriorly (Fig. 63); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 61). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest, mature mixed forest, regenerating mixed forest, hardwood forest, maple forest, red oak and red maple forest, mature red spruce 100 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Map 5. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena sculptipennis and red maple forest, hemlock forest (120+ years old), forested black spruce bog with red maple. Microhabitat: on/in gilled mushrooms on forest floor, on stalked polypore mushrooms on forest floor, and on Pleurotus sp. on log. Collecting period: June, July, August and September. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating, and hand collecting specimens. Distribution (Map 5). CANADA: New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Quebec; UNITED STATES: New Hampshire, New York, and Wisconsin. Comments. Our specimens agree in all respects with the description and illustra- tions of this species by Seevers (1951), but tergite 8 of males in our specimens has only 2-4 median small teeth while in Seever’s illustration there are 5 small median teeth. We attribute this difference to intra-specific variation. VI. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) fasciata species group (Seevers, 1951: 690) 9. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) involuta Casey Figs 9, 64-70; Map 6 Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) involuta Casey, 1906: 294; Seevers 1951: 691; Moore and Legner 1975: 431; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 1.8—2.0 mm, subparallel; head brown to piceous; pronotum flavate; elytra brown to dark brown; abdomen rufo-flavate, apical part of abdomen some- Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 101 Map 6. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena involuta times darker. Punctation: vertex of head with at least seven small umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with two weakly defined median rows of punctures, elytra finely and sparsely punctate. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout, often weakly so on elytra. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 9). Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two narrowly elongate and rounded lateral teeth and two slightly smaller rounded median teeth (Fig. 66); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 67). Median lobe of aedeagus with broad and ventrally angular tubus, apex narrow and acute (Fig. 64), dorsal projection of internal sac short and irregular in shape (Fig. 64). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 65). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate posteriorly (Fig. 69); sternite 8 broadly rounded and slightly emarginate medially (Fig. 70); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 68). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: hardwood forest, hardwood forest with hemlock, mature red spruce and red maple forest, and mature mixed forest. Microhabitat: in gilled mushrooms on forest floor, small gilled mushrooms on log, on Pleurotus sp. on log. Collecting period: August. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirat- ing adults. Distribution (Map 6). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Maine, Massachusetts, New York, and Wisconsin. VIII. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) lobata species group (Seevers 1951: 693) 11. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) lobata Casey Figs 10, 71-77; Map 7 102 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Gyrophaena lobata Casey, 1906: 294; Seevers 1951: 693; Moore and Legner 1975: 430. Description. Body length 1.9—2.2 mm, narrowly oval and strongly glossy; head rufo-piceous to piceous; pronotum flavate with central part of disc piceous; ely- tra rufous with scutellar area and posterior angles piceous; abdomen rufo-flavate, apical part of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with several large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with a few punctures, elytra finely punctate, in outer part of disc more densely so. Microsculpture: reticulate, distinct on head and weak to obsolete on pronotum and elytra. Antennae as illus- trated (Fig. 10). Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two small lateral teeth and large median lobe (Fig. 73); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 74). Median lobe of aedeagus with approximately triangular tubus projecting ventrally, its venter strongly sinuate, apex narrow and acute (Fig. 71), dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate and arcuate (Fig. 71). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 72). FEMALE. Tergite 8 similar to that of male and with apical lobe (Fig. 76); sternite 8 broadly rounded and slightly pointed medially (Fig. 77); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 75). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed and hardwood forests. Microhabitat: gilled mushrooms. Collecting period: July through September. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirating specimens. Distribution (Map 7). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, New York, and Wisconsin. 70°. mp ; he ; 66° Ze a Map 7. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena lobata Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 103 10. G. lobata 11. G. affinis 12. G. dybasi 13. G. antennalis 14. G. chippewa 15. G. insolens Figures 10-15. Gyrophaena species in dorsal view (apical part of abdomen removed): 10 G. (G.) lobata Casey II G. (G.) affinis Sahlberg 12 G. (G.) dybasi Seevers 13 G. (G.) antennalis Casey 14 G. (G.) chip- pewa Seevers and 15 G. (G.) insolens Casey. 104 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) IX. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) affinis species group (Seevers, 1951: 694) 12. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) affinis Sahlberg* Figs 11, 78-84; Map 8 Gyrophaena affinis Sahlberg 1834: 383; Seevers, 1951: 695; Moore and Legner 1975: 427; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Gyrophaena subpunctata Casey, 1906: 299. Synonymized by Seevers 1951: 695. Gyrophaena lacustris Casey, 1906: 299. Synonymized by Seevers 1951: 695. Description. Body length 1.7—2.1 mm, narrowly oval; head rufo-piceous to piceous; pronotum flavate to light brown; elytra testaceous to light brown; abdomen rufo-fla- vate, apical part of abdomen usually darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about 10 large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with a few large punctures, elytra with numerous shallow punctures. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 11). Pronotum 1.4 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two long lateral teeth, margin smooth between them (Fig. 80); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 81). Median lobe of aedeagus with narrowly triangular and subapically split tubus, its venter sinuate and angulate basally, apex narrow and rounded (Fig. 78), dorsal projection of internal sac moderately elongate and coiled with flagellum inside (Fig. 78). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 79). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 83); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically and pointed medially (Fig. 84); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 82). 70 i o. “s A Wis 3 * S Map 8. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena affinis Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 105 Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest, 8.5-year-old regenerating mixed forest, eastern white cedar swamp, mature red spruce, and red maple forest. Microhabitat: on/ in gilled mushrooms on forest floor, on log, and on a stump, on small gilled mushrooms on side of decayed log. ‘This species has also been found in rotting mushrooms, on orange bracket (polypore) fungus, on bracket fungus on white birch, and on Pleurotus sp. on dead standing Populus tremuloides. Collecting period: June, July, August, and Septem- ber. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating, and hand collecting specimens. Distribution (Map 8). This is an adventive Palaearctic species in North America. CANADA: British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec; UNITED STATES: District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Washington, West Vir- ginia, and Wisconsin. 13. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) dybasi Seevers Figs 12, 85-88; Map 9 Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) dybasi Seevers, 1951: 697; Moore and Legner 1975: 429. Description. Body length 1.7—1.9 mm, narrowly oval; head rufo-piceous to piceous; pronotum testaceous; elytra dark testaceous to light brown with paler humeri; ab- Map 9. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena dybasi 106 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) domen rufo-testaceous, apical portion of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about 10 large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with two complete median rows of large punctures, elytra with numerous dense punctures. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 12). Pronotum 1.7 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two long lateral teeth and two small median teeth (Fig. 87); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 88). Median lobe of aedeagus with narrowly elongate sinuate tubus projecting ventrally, apex narrow and pointed (Fig. 85), dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate and coiled, fla- gellum partially everted and approximately straight (Fig. 85). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 86). FEMALE. Unknown. Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest. Microhabitat: on gilled mushrooms. Col- lecting period: June. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirating specimens. Distribution (Map 9). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, North Carolina, and Wisconsin. X. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) pulchella species group (Seevers, 1951: 703) 14. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) antennalis Casey Figs 13, 89-95; Map 10 Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) antennalis Casey, 1906: 295; Seevers 1951: 704; Moore and Legner 1975: 427; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 2.0—2.5 mm, narrowly oval; head and pronotum usually rufo- testaceous; elytra testaceous to light brown, mottled with small irregular darker spots or (rarely) black posteriorly; abdomen rufo-testaceous, apical part of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about 10 large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with two irregular median rows of large punctures, scattered punctures elsewhere, elytra with fine, sparse punctures. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout. An- tennae as illustrated (Fig. 13). Pronotum 1.2 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two lobe-shaped lateral teeth and usually with two to three small median teeth (Fig. 91); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically and with shallow median emargination (Fig. 92). Median lobe of aedeagus with tube-shaped tubus bearing two long ventral projec- tions, apex rounded (Fig. 89), flagellum slightly projecting from the tip of median lobe (Fig. 89). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 90). FEMALE. ‘Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 94); sternite 8 rounded apically (Fig. 95); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 93). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: hardwood forest, on ridge with red oak surrounded by silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) forest, mature mixed forest, mixed forest with hem- lock, mature red spruce and red maple forest, eastern white cedar swamps, yellow birch, and spruce forest. This species has also been found in conifer forest and a white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) forest. Microhabitat: on/in gilled mushrooms, on Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr., in Climacodon septentrionale (Fr.) Kar. on dead standing sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), on Pleurotus sp. on log. Also found on Heterobasidium Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 107 Map 10. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena antennalis annosum (Fr.) Bref. (conifer-based polypore). Collecting period: August and Septem- ber. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating, and hand collecting specimens. Distribution (Map 10). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Mas- sachusetts, New York, and North Carolina. 15. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) chippewa Seevers Figs 14, 96-99; Map 11 Gyrophaena chippewa Seevers, 1951: 705; Moore and Legner 1975: 428. Description. Body length 2.0—-2.7 mm, narrowly oval; head and pronotum usually rufo- testaceous; elytra testaceous to light brown, mottled with small irregular darker spots; ab- domen rufo-testaceous, apical portion of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about eight large umbilicate punctures on each side, pronotum with two irregular median rows of large punctures and scattered punctures elsewhere, elytra with fine and dense punctures. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 14). Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two lobe-shaped lateral teeth and one or two small median teeth (Fig. 98); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 99). Medi- an lobe of aedeagus with long tubular and tapering tubus bearing one long ventral projec- tion near crista apicalis (Fig. 96), flagellum slightly projecting from the tip of elongate dorsal projection of internal sac (Fig. 96). Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 97). FEMALE. Unknown. 108 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) Map II. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena chippewa Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest. Microhabitat: on gilled mushrooms. Col- lecting period: August. Collecting method: sifting mushrooms and aspirating specimens. Distribution (Map 11). CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Michi- gan, North Carolina, and Wisconsin. 16. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) insolens Casey Figs 15, 100-106; Map 12 Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) insolens Casey, 1906: 295; Moore and Legner 1975: 430. Description. Body length 1.9-2.5 mm, narrowly oval; head rufo-piceous to piceous; pronotum rufo-testaceous; elytra piceous posteriorly with testaceous humeri, or uni- formly testaceous; abdomen rufo-testaceous, apical part of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about 10 large umbilicate punctures on each side, pro- notum with two irregular median rows of large punctures, scattered punctures elsewhere, elytra with fine, sparse punctures. Microsculpture: reticulate throughout except for pro- notum. Antennae as illustrated (Fig. 15). Pronotum 1.2 times as wide as long. MALE: tergite 8 with two lobe-shaped lateral teeth projecting inward and two, but occasionally only one, small median tooth (Fig. 102); sternite 8 broadly rounded apically (Fig. 103). Median lobe of aedeagus with elongate, tube-shaped tubus, bearing three ventral pro- jections, a long basal one and two shorter median ones, one of which is thin and often overlapping or crossing over the wider one and giving the impression of only one median Review of the rove beetle species of the subtribe Gyrophaenina from New Brunswick... 109 Map 12. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Gyrophaena insolens projection (Fig. 100); apical part of internal sac tubular and as long as tubus or extending beyond tubus and with extended flagellum projecting externally from the apex (Fig. 100) [specimens with internal sac longer than the tip of tubus are rare and are listed in locality data base with ?]. Paramere as illustrated (Fig. 101). FEMALE. Tergite 8 truncate apically (Fig. 105); sternite 8 rounded apically (Fig. 106); spermatheca as illustrated (Fig. 104). Bionomics. Macrohabitat: mixed forest, white and red spruce forest, eastern white cedar swamps, yellow birch and spruce forest, on ridge with oak in silver maple forest, and red oak and red maple forest. Microhabitat: on/in gilled mushrooms on forest floor, on Russula virescens. Collecting period: August and September. Collect- ing method: sifting mushrooms, aspirating, and hand collecting specimens. Distribution (Map 12). CANADA: British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario; UNITED STATES: Michigan. 17. Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) criddlei Casey Figs 16, 107-110; Map 13 Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) criddlei Casey, 1911: 184; Moore and Legner 1975: 429; Campbell and Davies 1991: 106. Description. Body length 1.7—2.3 mm, narrowly oval; head piceous; pronotum flavo- testaceous; elytra flavate to piceous with testaceous humeri; abdomen flavate, apical part of abdomen sometimes darker. Punctation: vertex of head with about 10 large umbilicate 110 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P Webster & Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 81-170 (2009) et iar 7o°. Mey ; ¥t . ees 66° ’ 7 eee Be 9 y